Deception and Its Dramatic Effects in Shakespeares Much...

Deception and Its Dramatic Effects in Shakespeares Much Ado About Nothing and Twelfth Night Shakespeare uses deception and trickery in both Twelfth Night and Much Ado to provide humour and dramatic irony for the audience. The deception also furthers the plot or sub-plot. The dramatic effects of this trickery are the irony, anticipation and empathy with the characters. In the scene from Much Ado, deception is used to create a romance which turns out to be more than is intended by the characters doing the deceiving. In Twelfth Night the purpose of the deception is purely for fun and to provide humour for the audience. Benedick is deceived by Claudio, Leonato and Don Pedro. Malvolio†¦show more content†¦He is deceived by way of a letter from Maria (pretending to be Olivia) which in fact says very little in direct terms. Maria and her friends send the letter because they are sick of Malvoilios self love. It is Malvolio himself who creates the deception by tricking himself into creating a meaning for everything in the letter, however cryptic. Malvolio is however; very capable of deceiving himself anyway and frequently does so, making it easy for the letter to have meaning for him Benedick is tricked into eavesdropping by a well planned conversation, which involves Benedick overhearing his name in a conversation-a typical way of intentionally getting someone to eavesdrop. He eavesdrops because he hears his name and the conversation follows through to the subject of romance, which captures Benedicks attention and keeps it, meanwhile Benedick is determined to stay hidden from Monsieur Love. He is told that Beatrice has an undying love for him but she would never tell him because it would ruin their constant wit matches. The deceivers signal to each other when they know that they have Benedicks attention by referring to hunting phrases, as though he has been caught into a trap, which indeed he has. Well fit the hid-fox with a pennyworth He believes what he hears because of everything that is said about Beatrice not wanting to tell him

Compassion Impacts Wayward Youth - 1619 Words

Juvenile court systems developed in Chicago based on the patriarchal premise that a tough compassionate judge could impact the lives of wayward youths. However, politicians changed this with â€Å"tough on crime† policies for election. Many juvenile criminals became labeled as â€Å"superpredators† and were thus deemed beyond any help and were tried as adults. Fortunately, not everyone in the criminal system believes that juvenile criminals are beyond help. Some of the people that believe that there is hope for the juvenile criminal work in the Texas Youth Commission, in particular at Giddings State School or the last chance in Texas. This paper will provide a brief synopsis of John Hubner’s Last Chance in Texas: The Redemption of Criminal Youth and discuss its relevance to juvenile justice including a recommendation for juvenile justice practitioners to read this book. The book opens with the description of a very modern school located in Giddings, Texas. The school is Giddings State School which is one of the thirteen secure facilities of the Texas Youth Commission. At its inception, it typically held kids from broken homes. However, now the Giddings State School gets â€Å"the worst of the worst† youthful offenders in Texas. Giddings has a program that makes it unique. The program is called Capital Offenders Group (COG) developed by Reyes. The COG is based on the premise that human beings even those that have committed inhumane crimes are social creatures. COG is a four

Analysis Of The Poem Reluctance - 2085 Words

In his poem â€Å"Reluctance†, he talks about being in denial and reluctantly carrying on as if the relationship will fix itself. The narrator uses nature to describe the state of his relationship, both longing for healing, but unwilling and unsure of how to go about it. The poem reads, The last lone aster is gone; The flowers of the witch-hazel wither; The heart is still aching to seek, But the feet question ‘Whither?’ (62) The aster flower represents the absence of love and patience. Witch-hazel, meaning pliant or bendable, signifies that both parties in the relationship are unwilling to be flexible and understanding of each other’s wants, needs, and desires. Their hearts are â€Å"aching to seek,† (62) but they are in denial of any possible way to make the relationship work. The relationship between the â€Å"last lone aster†, â€Å"witch-hazel†, and the narrator connect the life and death cycle that is viewable in nature to his relationship. Frost recognizes that â€Å"knowledge of nature and man’s self-knowledge were thus interdependent.† (63) By understanding this, he can apply the wisdom to his relationship. A flower, as well as a relationship, need to be tended to or will begin the â€Å"wither.† Nevertheless, the life of the flower or relationship is never guaranteed. In love, one must remain flexible, knowing that even as a flower begins to †Å"wither†, there may still be a way to bring it back to life. No matter how much knowledge is acquired throughout a lifetime, wisdom is in knowing thatShow MoreRelated Use of Allusions in Andrew Marvells To His Coy Mistress Essay560 Words   |  3 Pagesfeelings in order to clearly show them. After reading over the poem once, you get a sense of what the speaker is feeling. Upon further analysis of the poem you realize that the allusions used in the poem, are in fact, what makes this poem so interesting. The speaker begins the poem by explaining to his mistress that if they had the time and place to discuss there feelings, then it would be no crime to complain and the modesty and reluctance among them would also be ok. However because the situationRead MoreBritish Literature760 Words   |  4 PagesTractor Poem Analysis The poem â€Å"Tractor† is written by Ted Hughes is literally about a tractor. The season is winter and the man is trying to start the tractor but is unable to do so because of the weather. Eventually, the man is able to start the tractor. However, while reading it further, this poem seems to be telling us that with determination, man can overcome many problems no matter how tough the problem is, using nature as a form of trouble to humans. Moreover, it also tells us that the journeyRead More Jane Kenyon’s The Blue Bowl Essay1322 Words   |  6 Pagesable to invoke an emotional response from the reader that mirrors that of the poem’s actual characters. Her careful use of diction and the poem’s presentation through a first-person perspective, enables Kenyon to place the reader in the context of the poem, thus making the reader a participant rather than a mere observer. By combining these two literary techniques, Kenyon present a compelling argument with ev idence supporting her critique of burial and the mourning process.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Kenyon’s choice ofRead MoreCritical Analysis of William Blakes Poem The Tiger1393 Words   |  6 PagesÐ ¨Ã £ÃÅ"ЕÐ Ã ¡ÃÅ¡ÃËœ Ð £Ã ÃËœÃâ€™Ãâ€¢Ã  Ã ¡ÃËœÃ ¢Ãâ€¢Ã ¢ â€Å"ЕПИÐ ¡ÃÅ¡ÃÅ¾ÃÅ¸ КОÐ Ã ¡Ã ¢Ã Ã Ã ¢ÃËœÃ  ПÐ  Ãâ€¢Ã ¡Ãâ€ºÃ Ãâ€™Ã ¡ÃÅ¡ÃËœÃ¢â‚¬  Ð ¤Ã °Ã ºÃ'Æ'Ð »Ã'‚Ð µÃ'‚ Ð ¿Ã ¾ Ã'…Ã'Æ'Ð ¼Ã °Ã ½Ã ¸Ã'‚Ð °Ã'€Ð ½Ã ¸ Ð ½Ã °Ã'Æ'Ð ºÃ ¸ Project title: Write a critical analysis of William Blakes poem The Tiger paying special attention to the stance of the poetic speaker Name: ИÐ ²Ã µÃ »Ã ¸Ã ½ ИÐ ²Ã °Ã ½Ã ¾Ã ² ÐÅ"Ð ¸Ã ½Ã ºÃ ¾Ã ² Faculty number: 1063 Read MoreCritical Analysis of William Blakes Poem The Tiger1378 Words   |  6 PagesÐ ¨Ã £ÃÅ"ЕÐ Ã ¡ÃÅ¡ÃËœ Ð £Ã ÃËœÃâ€™Ãâ€¢Ã  Ã ¡ÃËœÃ ¢Ãâ€¢Ã ¢ â€Å"ЕПИÐ ¡ÃÅ¡ÃÅ¾ÃÅ¸ КОÐ Ã ¡Ã ¢Ã Ã Ã ¢ÃËœÃ  ПÐ  Ãâ€¢Ã ¡Ãâ€ºÃ Ãâ€™Ã ¡ÃÅ¡ÃËœÃ¢â‚¬  Ð ¤Ã °Ã ºÃ'Æ'Ð »Ã'‚Ð µÃ'‚ Ð ¿Ã ¾ Ã'…Ã'Æ'Ð ¼Ã °Ã ½Ã ¸Ã'‚Ð °Ã'€Ð ½Ã ¸ Ð ½Ã °Ã'Æ'Ð ºÃ ¸ Project title: Write a critical analysis of William Blakes poem The Tiger paying special attention to the stance of the poetic speaker Name: ИÐ ²Ã µÃ »Ã ¸Ã ½ ИÐ ²Ã °Ã ½Ã ¾Ã ² ÐÅ"Ð ¸Ã ½Ã ºÃ ¾Ã ² Faculty number: 1063 Read MoreRobert Browning and the Dramatic Monologue1390 Words   |  6 Pagesallowing him to discover himself to us by revealing more of himself in his speeches than he suspects In doing so, he wrote a great dramatic monologue called My Last Duchess (Everett 1). Murder, mystery, and intrigue all describe Robert Brownings poem My Last Duchess (Oliver 1). From the speakers meandering insinuation, the death of his wife in the readers point of view may seem like a crime committed because of jealousy. In this monologue, the duke has attempted to justify himself, and to portrayRead More Critical Analysis of The Pardon Essay1530 Words   |  7 PagesCritical Analysis of The Pardon Death and life are intertwined in such a way that one cannot come without the other. Richard Wilbur uses graphic description to clearly express this in his work The Pardon, through a series of events that ultimately bring a man to learn to mourn, after causing him a lifetime without love. As a young boy, the speaker is traumatized by the death of his dog, and is thus lead to pursue a life that lacks both love and the recognition of death. As an older manRead MoreSorry for Disturbing You1706 Words   |  7 Pageslead to loneliness and low self-esteem. This essay will contain an analysis and interpretation of the short story Sorry for Disturbing You by Richard Knight (2008), which deals with the subject of communication. The story is about a meeting between two strangers that occurs when the main character of the story, Ian, finds an old and dirty man knocking on his door. Subsequently I will put it into perspective by discussing Love Poem by Douglas Dunn (1969) and The Ambulance B ox by Andrew Phillip (2009)Read MoreThe Involvement By The Gods888 Words   |  4 PagesAchilles to attain revenge against Agamemnon, â€Å"I’ll say yes to you by nodding my head, / The ultimate pledge. Unambiguous, / irreversible, and absolutely fulfilled, / Whatever I say yes to with a nod of my head† (Lombardo 1.556-559). And despite Hera’s reluctance, Zeus speaks to a Dream: Go, deadly Dream, along the Greek ships Until you come to the hut of Agamemnon, And deliver this message to him exactly: Order him to arm his long-haired Greeks. Now is his time to capture Troy. The Olympian gods are noRead More The Quintessential American Woman Essay904 Words   |  4 PagesThe Quintessential American Woman The American woman is a mystery that has yet to be solved. She is an ever-changing poem that sparks interest in those who are unaccustomed to her mysterious ways. The American women fascinated many authors, including Henry James. To express his enthrallment, James employed his literary talent to create Daisy Miller. Daisy exudes the vast depth of the entity of the American woman, which originally captured James’ attention. John Hay, a contemporary observer of

Analysis Of Andrew Jackson s The White House Essay

Andrew Jackson once said, â€Å"Take time to deliberate; but when the time for action arrives, stop thinking and go in.† Andrew Jackson was an individual who was filled with integrity, grit, determination, and other values that encompass a good leader. The chosen book about this man is titled American Lion: Andrew Jackson in the White House. The creator of this Pulitzer Prize winning novel would be Jon Meacham. The Chattanooga born author graduated at The University of the South in Sewanee, Tennessee as the salutatorian, and acquiring a degree summa cum laude in English Literature. He might as well become a history teacher with his knowledge on various historical concepts and people. With notorious books ranging from Making of a Nation to Thomas Jefferson: The Art of Power. Andrew Jackson is regarded as one of the greatest of the founding fathers; with a scarred uprising as a child, and the actions he took for this country, it s easy to see why some historians might think this . This president always seemed like an interesting figure to learn more about. Therefore, with a 353 page long book solely about him, it was deemed as the best choice. The book is composed of 34 chapters. Each following a timeline of his beginnings, accomplishments, and final days. In order to provide a brief synopsis/summary, it is important to provide information pertaining to every chapter, some elaborated on more than others. The first chapter is titled Andy Will Fight His Way into the World, which isShow MoreRelated Andrew Jacksons Campaign to Destroy the Bank of the United States1254 Words   |  6 PagesWhen Andrew Jackson decided to make his veto message regarding the Bank of The United States on July 10, 1832 one thing was on his mind: killing the Bank of The United States forever! This one event was the fuel Jackson used for his reconstruction of the U.S. It all started to unravel during his election of 1828. Several different sects within the different states were tea ming up with one another to form a coalition of discontent for the President and his reconstruction. Like Thomas JeffersonRead MoreAnalysis Of The Indian Removal Act Of 18301607 Words   |  7 PagesRemoval Act of 1830, which expelled Native Americans from their homes, President Andrew Jackson said, â€Å"It will separate the Indians from immediate contact with settlements of whites; free them from the power of the States; enable them to pursue happiness in their own way and under their own rude institutions; will retard the process of decay, which is lessening their numbers,† (Jackson). It’s safe to say that Jackson proved to be a bad prophet. Almost two hundred years later, the â€Å"first Americans†Read MorePresident Obama s Administrative Goals Essay954 Words   |  4 PagesPresident Obama’s administrative goals were to provide â€Å"economic security† for the middle class. First, the goal to revitalize America’s economy with jobs in the investment, production, and innovation sectors (Department of Commerce. Bureau of Economic Analysis, 2011). As reported by Kim, the president continues to emphasize manufacturing as part of his economic stance. The building of legislation to increase policies to bring jobs back and keep jobs in America. One of the problems the president deals withRead MoreEssay on Airline Portfolio: Delta Air Lines Analysis 1421 Words   |  6 PagesDelta Air Lines began in the early 1920’s as a crop dusting operation, known as the Huff Daland crop dusting company, and was based out of Macon, Ga. This was the first agricultural flying company in existence at the time and grew into the world’s largest privately owned fleet of aircraft (18 planes) by the mid 1920’s. At the turn of the decade, co-founder C.E. Woolman lead a movement to purchase Huff Daland and re-branded the company as Delta Air Service, named after the Mississippi River DeltaRead MoreAbraham Lincoln : The Man Behind The Myths Essay2365 Words   |  10 PagesLearning Edition† and my research book â€Å"Abraham Lincoln the Man behind the Myths† both agree with the facts abbot Lincoln. They both explain how the assassination of Abraham Lincoln brought Andrew Jackson into the White House and how Abraham Lincoln and Andrew Jackson shared the same views on hoping that middle-class white southern Unionists, along with repentant ex-Confederates, would take control of restoring the South to the Union. 4. Oates sets out to rescue Lincoln from separating the historical truthRead MoreConstructivism: Social Theory of International Politics by Alexander Wendt1057 Words   |  5 PagesLaw and Politics, Vol. 3, No: 11, 2007, pp. 121-144. Bradbury, J.A. (1989) The Policy Implications of Differing Concepts of Risk. Science, Technology and Human Values, 14 (4), pp. 380-399. Bush, G W. (2002) Graduation speech at WestPoint. The White House [Online], [Online] Available at http://www.whitehouse.gov/news/releases/2002/06/20020601-3.html, 7 December 2013. Burchil, Scott. (2005) Theories of International Relations. Palgrave Macmillan: New York. Checkel, JT. (1998) The Constructivist TurnRead MoreAmerican Revolution and Study Guide Essay example5377 Words   |  22 PagesPredestination Louis XIV Boston Massacre Henry VIII Salutary neglect George Washington Stamp Act Elizabeth I Massachusetts Bay Colony Marquis de Montcalm Hessians Navigation Laws 7 Years War Mercantilism New France House of Burgesses Glorious Revolution Royal Charter Quakers Proclamation of 1763 Thomas Paine Squatter Mayflower Compact Edict of Nantes Horatio Gates Primogeniture Huguenots John Hancock Thomas Jefferson IndenturedRead MoreThe American Civil War : The United States8725 Words   |  35 PagesNorth. 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Diabetes Mellitus

Question: Discuss about theDiabetes Mellitus. Answer: Introduction: Mrs. Elizabeth is a 65-year-old lady living with her two 26-year-old twin daughters. She has type 2 diabetes mellitus which she was diagnosed with ten years ago. She reports that she attends a local diabetic patient group meeting composed of 17 individuals where they regularly share their experiences with the condition and receive education from a community healthy provider. She has been using oral hyperglycemic agents as well as injectable insulin therapy in the management of her condition. She started to use insulin therapy exclusively due to the ineffectiveness of the oral hyperglycemic agent-metformin that failed to improve her condition due to lack of adherence to the prescribed daily intake. She reports to be forgetful and hates taking any oral drugs but prefers injectable medication. She was hospitalised 12 years ago after sustaining a fracture of her left lower limb femur after falling while she was jogging as a part of her thrice a week morning exercises. On hospitalisation, she was further diagnosed with a secondary diagnosis of hypertension which she has also been managing with an intake of oral hypertensive medication such as hydralazine combined with hydrochlorothiazide. Initially, before she retired at the age of 50 years, she used to involve herself in community activities and excesses since she is a fan of athletics. On the other hand, she used to smoke and drink alcohol a habit she developed since she was in college in her twenties. At the moment, she takes alcoholic beverages and occasionally smokes regardless of being advised against it after being diagnosed with diabetes and hypertension. She trained as a banker in college, and she has been working as one until she retired. After retiring, she started managing her supermarket business investments where she is driven to and picked from each morning and evening respectively. Her favourite food is beef which she takes at least five times a week. In addition, she consumes a variety of snacks daily accompanied with coffee. After retiring, she never involved herself in her routine jogging exercises but reports that she felt too old and exhausted to perform them regularly as she used to before. In ad dition, she states having developed poor eyesight of late years, a factor that she attributes to her falling after tripping and sustaining a fracture of the femur while she was jogging. Furthermore, she currently has a foot ulcer that she developed about six months ago. She receives a check-up four times a week from a home-based healthcare provider who is also a podiatrist besides her foot being dressed daily to prevent infection and deterioration of her condition but promote healing (Zochodne Malik, 2014). She has a height of 1.65 meters, a weight of 102 kilograms and a body mass index (BMI) of 37.47 kg/m2. She is, therefore, obese, one of the risk factors for both type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension besides other cardiovascular diseases (Watson Dokken, 2014) Some of the non-pharmacological interventions that have been recommended and used in the management of her diabetic condition include development of a strict diet plan, exercises, health education to create awareness of the risk factors, complications, and self-management, losing weight. Moreover, health care providers have utilized cognitive behaviour therapy, motivational interviews, and assessment of eating disorders in the effort to manage her diabetic condition non-pharmacologically. However, due to lack of adherence to treatment strategies by Mrs. Elizabeth and other diabetic individuals, there is a need for the community health care management team to utilize the diabetic model of care in order to provide quality ser vice delivery and consequently improve their clients conditions (Dunning, 2014). Most of the individuals affected by type 2 diabetes mellitus in this locality and most other communities are those aged above 60 years. However, other age group individuals are also affected but at a significantly lower rate. Type two diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease that develops over time, and it is characterised by resistance to insulin, and consequently high blood glucose levels and in some cases, there can be reduced insulin production (Daniels, 2012). It is closely associated with some risk factors that are most prevalent in the locality of my current clinical practice that includes lifestyle aspects such as inadequate dietary intake that leads to overweight and obesity. Obesity is the leading cause and risk factor of type two diabetes mellitus. High accumulation of fat cells throughout the body plays a significant role in the development of insulin resistance and hence there is the establishment of the condition. Secondly, most individuals engage in recreational intake of alcohol, smoking, and sedentary lifestyle. Alcohol consumption and tobacco smoking contribute to the rapid progression of type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension and even renal diseases (Novak, Costantini, Schneider Beanlands, 2013). They may also predispose one to several other mental diseases that have an impact on the social and eating behaviours of the affected individuals. Eating disorders such as binge eating disorder as well as bulimia nervosa have far-reaching detrimental effects on the affected persons health besides markedly contributing to the development of other risk factors such as obesity (Behshid Garrusi, Mohammad Reza Baneshi Samaneh Moradi, 2013). On the other hand, the most affected population (above 60 years) mostly engage in no physical activities such as exercises due to their advanced age or other health conditions that hinder them from being able to do these activities. Thus most of these individuals lead a sedentary lifestyle that leads to obesity that is implicated in hypertension and diabetes as well as other cardiovascular and renal diseases (Daniels, 2012). Lack of adequate health education and information among the general population usually, predisposes them to lifestyle conditions like diabetes, hypertension among others due to lifestyle practises, lack of regular medical check-ups and lack of adherence to disease management programs that prevent further progression and deteriorations. On the other hand, there are a number of physical, socio-economic, cultural and religious determinants that are related to diabetes mellitus affecting this population. Firstly, a broad range of cultural beliefs and practises that are diverse have both positive and negative influences on the health of the people and their health seeking behaviours (Commers, 2012). For instance, it has been noted that males are generally reluctant in the search for medical services at the early onset of illness as compared to their female counterparts. In the same way, adherence to the treatment programs is higher in females than males a factor that has a negative impact on the progression of the particular diseases in men. Secondly, social, economic status is related to type 2 diabetes mellitus in that it is majorly experienced by the high social class individuals due to a sedentary lifestyle and poor dietary habits. On the other hand, it may be attributed to substandard education, low income, lack of access to specialized health care, lack of exposure to mass media, the high cost of living, poor health services and lack of insurance cover for those affected by the low social class. The discrepancy in the government policies that are concerned with the regulation of smoking, intake of alcohol and other substances also have detrimental effects on the health of the entire population. For instance, smoking in public exposes every non-smoker to tobacco effects since they are passive smokers and therefore may experience the same effects as the active smoker albeit different in intensities depending on the amount and duration of exposure. Finally, family history, age, and genetic factors are other non-modifiable determinants of health that have a broad range of impacts on the health of the population. Advanced age and those with a history of obese and diabetes have a greater risk of developing this condition as compared to the general population who have no family history of the condi tion. Furthermore, family history can be closely associated with genetic and hereditary traits that are passed on from generation to another through offspring that increase the risks of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus in some individuals than others (World Health Organization, 2013). Pharmacological interventions that are provided in the management of diabetes, as well as its complication, have different mechanisms of action hence affecting various body tissues that are affected by type 2 diabetes mellitus pathophysiology. In essence, development of these interventions, diagnosis, and prescription of medications in the treatment of these conditions is largely dependent on the understanding of their pathophysiology. Environmental and genetic factors are the initiators of type 2 diabetes mellitus initiators. It can be due to impaired insulin secretion or due to generalized insulin resistance in the body but in most instances, these factors coexist. Due to dysfunction of pancreatic beta cells, there is reduced or no release of insulin in response to increased blood glucose a common phenomenon in healthy individuals. This dysfunction is caused by reversible metabolic abnormalities such as glucotoxicity and lipotoxicity, hormonal imbalance in the body, increased apopt osis of beta cells in the pancreas (Copstead Banasik, 2013). Reduced insulin production, therefore, leads to hyperglycaemia which is termed as type 2 diabetes mellitus. This condition is progressive, and its effects are typically felt when the body is unable to adapt to the increasingly high blood glucose levels due to permanent destruction of the beta cells. On the other hand, it can develop due to increased resistance to insulin by the body cells. There is the usual production of insulin by the beta cells only that the insulin does not exert an adequate effect on the insulin receptors in the body cells especially the muscle and liver cells due to resistance. Development of the disease in this manner is linked to genetic factors that affect insulin signals in the cells more than the environmental factors. Obesity increased fatty acids and adipokines also contribute to the increase of this resistance. This leads to lack of conversion glucose to glycogen and uptake of glucose by cel ls. Therefore, pharmacological interventions such as insulin therapy are aimed at supplying the body with enough insulin in the case of reduced or no production in order for the blood glucose regulation to occur normally. It enhances the storage and metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats which occur primarily in the liver, muscles and adipose tissue where there is a large number of its receptors on the cellular plasma membrane. It is also known to affect cell membrane transport characteristics, cellular growth, enzyme activation and changes in protein and fat metabolism by promoting rapid uptake of these substances by cells. However, caution should be taken when administering injectable insulin not to result in hypoglycaemia, a condition that has detrimental effects on ones health to the extent that it can cause death. Oral hyperglycemic agents such as chlorpropamide act by mainly stimulating the release of insulin from functional beta cells of the pancreatic islet tissue. Another oral hyperglycemic agent, metformin acts by decreasing gluconeogenesis and increasing peripheral glucose metabolism and therefore controlling the high glucose levels in the blood (Bennett, Brown Sharma, 2012). High glucose levels in the blood increase the oncotic pressure within the cardiovascular system hence leading to retention of more water and causing cardiovascular overload. Since ones blood pressure is directly determined by volume and resistance, it rises with this increased water retention and therefore causing hypertension. This condition may worsen over time if not controlled by lifestyle modifications such as reduced sodium intake. It may also significantly influence the development of renal diseases, stroke, and other cardiovascular diseases. Other complications that are known to be as a result of diabetes are foot ulcers and peripheral neuropathy. In order to control hypertension and prevent further complications, one is offered antihypertensive therapy such a s hydralazine and hydrochlorothiazide (Randall, Kendall Alexander, 2012). The best outcome for this population is improved knowledge of the risk factors, causative factors, and self- management strategies. According to (Dunning, 2014), improved health information delivery through health information dissemination channels, medical education and social media promote acceptance of lifestyle changes that lead to reduced risk for development of the disease. Most people develop an insight on which diet they are supposed to take in order to prevent the inception of the condition. Health seeking behaviours also significantly change when individuals receive adequate information on the complications associated with late seeking medical attention. Secondly, self-management is the patients behaviour that is aimed at monitoring their condition and avoiding further progression and complications by self-administering prescribed medication or seeking advanced treatment. Self-management comes as a result of understanding the essence of primary care and by having self-motiv ation. It is both easy and cost effective since it requires no specific procedures. Daily monitoring of blood sugars will let the patient know about the progress of their conditions and take earlier actions that have positive effects on their health. In Mrs Elizabeths management and other diabetic patients in her locality, there is need to utilize the diabetic model of care as well which is composed of eight priorities which include; enhancing community and targeted promotion of healthy environment and lifestyle to curb diabetes, improved and coordinated activities of diabetes management services, involving specialists in the management and prevention, ensuring access to management and guidelines for the affected population, developing supplemental useful information and technology systems and training more multi-professional experts (Ricci-Cabello et al. 2013). However, there are several limitations and hindrances to meeting these outcomes. Firstly, it requires that one invests in purchasing the glucose monitoring glucometer that may be a challenge among those from a low social class. Some individuals may be too old and having no social support, and therefore adherence may be poor. As well, other health factors such as mental and neurological illnesses such as neuropathy, disability, and dementia may hinder one from performing these self-management procedures independently (Peu, 2012). Due to substandard education and illiteracy as well as the language barrier, information dissemination, and comprehension by the targeted population may be jeopardized, and thus the careful choice of the media for health literacy should be made for any particular group. In conclusion, Elizabeths condition, as well as those of her locality suffering from type 2 diabetes mellitus, can be managed with the utilization of various strategies. These strategies reduce the chances of developing complications and therefore improving their health. Besides managing the initial condition, other associated underlying conditions such as hypertension should also be managed and treated. The various approaches that are available for management include pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions. The most common pharmacological interventions employed are exercises, diet modification, low sodium intake, cessation of alcohol intake and smoking. However, the choice of which non-pharmacological intervention depends on the general health condition of the affected individual. For instance, Mrs. Elizabeth can only use all of these interventions except exercises due to the leg ulcer that she has as well as a poor vision which can result in more injury and deteriorat ion of her general health. The pharmacological interventions that are essential in the management of the primary condition are insulin therapy and oral hyperglycemic agents. The choice of the drugs depends on the level of progression of the disease, allergies, response to the drugs and other underlying conditions. Strict adherence to these interventions will significantly improve the health status of not only Mrs. Elizabeth but also the other diabetic conditions. References Bennett, P, N, Brown, M Sharma, P 2012,Clinical pharmacology, Edinburgh: Elsevier. Commers, M 2012, Determinants of health: Theory, understanding, portrayal, policy, Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers. Copstead, L, E Banasik, J, L 2013,Pathophysiology, St. Louis, Mo: Elsevier. Daniels, R 2012,Contemporary medical, surgical nursing, Clifton Park, NY: Delmar, Cengage Learning. Dunning, T 2014,Care of people with diabetes: A manual of nursing practice. Chichester, West Sussex: John Wiley Sons. Novak, M., Costantini, L, Schneider, S, Beanlands, H 2013, Approaches to Self-Management in Chronic Illness,Seminars in Dialysis,26,2, 188-194. Peu, D, 2012,Community nursing, Cape Town: Oxford University Press. Randall, M, D, Kendall, D Alexander, S, P, H 2012,Pharmacology, London: Pharmaceutical Press. Ricci-Cabello, I, Olry, L, A, BoliÃÅ' var-MunÃÅ'Æ’oz, J, Pastor-Moreno, G, Bermudez-Tamayo, C, Behshid Garrusi, Mohammad Reza Baneshi, Samaneh Moradi, 2013, Psychosocial contributing factors that affect mental wellbeing in diabetic patients, Russian Open Medical Journal,2,1, 106. Ruiz-PeÃÅ' rez, I, Quesada-JimeÃÅ' nez, F, LoÃÅ' pez-De, H, J, A 2013, Effectiveness of two interventions based on improving patient-practitioner communication on diabetes self-management in patients with low educational level: study protocol of a clustered randomized trial in primary care,Bmc Health Services Research,13. Watson, R, R Dokken, B 2014,Glucose intake and utilization in pre-diabetes and diabetes: Implications for cardiovascular disease, Amsterdam: Academic Press. World Health Organization, 2013, The economics of social determinants of health and health inequalities: A resource book, Geneva: World Health Organization Zochodne, D, W Malik, R, A. 2014,Diabetes and the nervous system, Amsterdam: Elsevier Ltd.

Aristotle was born in 384 BC and lived until 322 B Essay Example For Students

Aristotle was born in 384 BC and lived until 322 B Essay C. He was a Greek philosopher and scientist, who shares with Plato being considered the most famous of ancient philosophers. He was born at Stagira, in Macedonia, the son of a physician to the royal court. When he was 17, he went to Athens to study at Platos Academy. He stayed for about 20 years, as a student and then as a teacher. When Plato died in 347 BC, Aristotle moved to Assos, a city in Asia Minor, where a friend of his named Hermias was the ruler. He counseled Hermias and married his niece and adopted daughter, Pythias (wierd names, huh). After Hermias was captured and executed by the Persians, Aristotle went to Pella, Macedonias capital, and became the tutor of the kings young son Alexander, later known as Alexander the Great. In 335, when Alexander became king, Aristotle went back to Athens and established his own school, the Lyceum.Since a lot of the lessons happened when teachers and students were walking, it was nicknamed the Peripatetic school (Peripatetic means walking). When Alexander died in 323 BC, strong anti-Macedonian feeling was felt in Athens, and Aristotle went to a family estate in Euboea. He died there the following year. We will write a custom essay on Aristotle was born in 384 BC and lived until 322 B specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Aristotle, like Plato, used his dialogue in his beginning years at the Academy. Apart from a few fragments in the works of later writers, his dialogues have been wholly lost. Aristotle also wrote some short technical writings, including a dictionary of philosophic terms and a summary of the doctrines of Pythagoras (the guy from the Pythagorean Theorem). Of these, only a few short pieces have survived. Still in good shape, though, are Aristotles lecture notes for carefully outlined courses treating almost every type of knowledge and art. The writings that made him famous are mostly these, which were collected by other editors. Among the writings are short informative lectures on logic, called Organon (which means instrument), because they provide the means by which positive knowledge is to be attained(Theyre not my words, Im quoting him). His writing on natural science include Physics, which gives a huge amount of information on astronomy, meteorology, plants, and animals. His writings on the nature, scope, and properties of being, (I know what one of them means!) which Aristotle called First Philosophy (to him it was Prote philosophia), were given the title Metaphysics in the first published version of his works (around 60 BC), because in that edition they followed Physics. His belief of the Prime Mover, or first cause, was pure intellect, perfect in unity,immutable, and, as he said, the thought of thought, is given in the Metaphysics. Other famous works include his Rhetoric, his Poetics (which we only have incomplete pieces of), and his Politics (also incomplete). Because of the influence of his fathers medical profession, Aristotles philosophy was mainly stressed on biology, the opposite of Platos emphasis on mathematics. Aristotle regarded the world as made up of individuals (substances) occurring in fixed natural kinds (species) (more confusing quotes, yippey!). He said each individual has its built-in specific pattern of development and grows toward proper self-realization as a specimen of its type. Growth, purpose, and direction are thus built into nature. Although science studies many things, according to Aristotle, these things find their existence in particular individuals. Science and philosophy must therefore balance, not simply choose between, the claims of empiricism (observation and sense experience) and formalism (rational deduction).One of the most famous of Aristotles contributions was a new notion of causality. Each thing or event, he thought, has more than one reason that helps to explain what, why, and where it is. Earlier G reek thinkers thought that only one sort of cause can explain itself; Aristotle said four.(The word Aristotle uses, aition, a responsible, explanatory factor is not the same as the word cause now.)These four causes are the material cause, (the matter out of which a thing is made); the efficient cause, (the source of motion, generation, or change); the formal cause, (the species, kind, or type); and the final cause, (the goal, or full development, of an individual, or the intended function of a construction or invention.) Although I dont know what these mean, they sound philosophical. An example he gave is a young lion is made up of tissues and organs, its material cause; the efficient cause is its parents, who generated it; the formal cause is its species, lion; and its final cause is its built-in drive toward maturity. Another example he gave is the material cause of a statue is the marble from which it was carved; the efficient cause is the sculptor; the formal cause is the shape the sculptor realized Hermes, perhaps; and the final cause is its function, to be a work of fine art.In each wy, Aristotle says that something can be better understood when its causes can be said in specific terms rather than in general terms. So it is more informative to know that a sculptor made the statue than to know that an artist made it; and even more informative to know that Polycleitus chiseled it rather than simply that a sculptor did so. .ud21a98150ffed5831d78d77d956da4ab , .ud21a98150ffed5831d78d77d956da4ab .postImageUrl , .ud21a98150ffed5831d78d77d956da4ab .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ud21a98150ffed5831d78d77d956da4ab , .ud21a98150ffed5831d78d77d956da4ab:hover , .ud21a98150ffed5831d78d77d956da4ab:visited , .ud21a98150ffed5831d78d77d956da4ab:active { border:0!important; } .ud21a98150ffed5831d78d77d956da4ab .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ud21a98150ffed5831d78d77d956da4ab { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ud21a98150ffed5831d78d77d956da4ab:active , .ud21a98150ffed5831d78d77d956da4ab:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ud21a98150ffed5831d78d77d956da4ab .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ud21a98150ffed5831d78d77d956da4ab .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ud21a98150ffed5831d78d77d956da4ab .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ud21a98150ffed5831d78d77d956da4ab .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ud21a98150ffed5831d78d77d956da4ab:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ud21a98150ffed5831d78d77d956da4ab .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ud21a98150ffed5831d78d77d956da4ab .ud21a98150ffed5831d78d77d956da4ab-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ud21a98150ffed5831d78d77d956da4ab:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Will to Wonder EssayIn astronomy, Aristotle proposed a finite, spherical universe, with the earth at its center. The center is made up of four elements: earth, air, fire, and water. In Aristotles physics, all of these four elements has a right place, determined by its relative heaviness, its specific gravity. Each moves naturally in a straight line. Earth goes down, fire up toward its proper place, where it will be at rest. So Earths motion is always in a line and always comes to a halt. The heavens, though, move naturally and endlessly in a complex circular motion. The heavens, according to, must be made of a fifth, and different element, which he called aither. The strongest element, aither cant change other than change of place in a circle movement. Aristotles theory that linear motion always takes place through a resisting medium is actually true for all planets that we can see motions. Honestly, to me it seems like Aristotle was crazy. Many of his theories were completely false, and I dont really understand why he is so famous. If I started saying the things he says now, Id be thrown into a mental hospital.